ASSESSMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES OF URINARY TUBERCULOSIS

Abstract

Khalid Ghaleb ^a,* , Magdy Afifi^b, Mohamad El-Gohary ^c

^aDepartment of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Bisha 551, Saudia Arabia

^bDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt

^cDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt

1. The corresponding author e-mail: kh_ghaleb4@hotmail.com Current Tel: 00966595388496 Saudia,  00201119338055 Egypt

The place of the study worked : Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt, e-mail: afifi_magdy@ymail.com  Tel: 00201006554961

Abstract

Early diagnosis of active tuberculosis remains an elusive challenge. In addition, one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and up to 10% of infected individuals develop tuberculosis (TB) in their lifetime. In this investigation, the incidence of urinary tuberculosis among renal patients was studied. Three hundreds urine samples were processed for detection of Mtb by Ziehl-Neelson (ZN) smear examination, Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium, radiometric BACTEC460 system as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA Enzyme Immunoassay (DEIA) test.  Out of 300 urine samples, 2 were positive by both  ZN smears and LJ medium with incidence rate of 0.66 %, 3 positive samples by BACTEC460 culture system with incidence of 1%. PCR assay gave more positive results than smear and culture examination (i.e. 8 positive samples with incidence  rate of 2.6%).  The specificities were 25% for both ZN smears and LJ medium, 37.5% for BACTEC460 culture system, and 100% for PCR test, while  sensitivities of all assays were 100%. Thus PCR is a rapid and sensitive method for the early diagnosis of urinary tuberculosis.

Keywords:

List of abbreviations:Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB)-Base pair (bp)-DNA Enzyme Immunoassay (DEIA)  -Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB)-International Union Against Tuberculosis  (IUAT)-Lowenstein Jensen (LJ)-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) -Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Tuberculosis (TB)-Urinary Tuberculosis (UTB-Urogenital Tuberculosis (UGTB)-Ziehl-Neelson (ZN)